课程名称：经贸外语                                        课程代码：2433
第一部分    课程性质与自考本科目标
一、课程性质与特点
经贸外语是高等教育自学考试工业外贸专业一门重要课程。其设置目的是为了使已具备一定英语基础和贸易知识的自学应考者将英语与外贸紧密地结合起来，适应我国对知识全面的人才的需求。
二、课程目标与基本要求
经贸外语的课程目标与基本要求是让自学应考者掌握常用的经贸术语，提高阅读理解能力，了解国内、国际经贸常识，培养独立思考及实际运用能力。
第二部分    考核内容与考核目标
1、掌握习惯搭配、固定短语及基本语法规则，并能运用句子结构的知识，解决一般阅读理解问题。
2、能读懂中等难度的经贸类题材的文章，阅读速度为每分钟80~100个单词，了解中心大意，抓住主要论点。
3、熟练掌握100个左右常用经贸术语，可认知200~300个经贸术语，并能在听、说、读、写、译等交际活动中较正确地运用。
4、了解基本的国内、国际经贸常识，并能用简洁、准确的语言进行解释或阐述。
5、能将经贸方面的中文短句翻译成英语，要求准确运用经贸术语及常用的搭配、短语。
6、在阅读理解的基础上，能将一般难度的英文经贸文章翻译成汉语，要求术语翻译准确，全文忠实原意，表达流畅、自然，符合汉语习惯。
第三部分    有关说明与实施要求
一、指定教材
《国际经贸英语教程》A Course in English for  International Economics and Trade，王士均编著，天津大学出版社，1997年出版。

二、自学方法指导
1、在学习本课程之前，首先要通过学习大纲了解本课程的性质、目标、基本要求、考核目标及有关课程考试命题的情况。
2、对于大量经贸术语，一定要下工夫牢记，达到熟练运用的程度。掌握相当数量的术语要靠稳扎稳打，循序渐进，切忌拖延堆积，考前搞突击。
3、在自学过程中，要作好预习和复习工作。预习中要培养分析复杂句子结构的能力，基本理解文章的大意。复习则要全面掌握习惯搭配、术语及相关的经贸常识。
4、作练习是巩固所学知识，进一步提高阅读理解能力、实际运用能力的重要环节。因此，对每个单元后的练习都要独立认真地完成，以此来检查和衡量自己对新知识点的掌握情况。

三、对社会助学的要求
1、应熟知考试大纲对课程提出的总的要求和主要考核点。
2、掌握各考核点要求达到的层次，并深刻理解对各考核点的能力要求。
3、辅导时，以本大纲为依据，以指定的教材为基础，不要随意增删内容，以免与大纲脱节。
4、辅导时，要注意突出重点，引导考生掌握各知识点，并培养其实际运用能力。
5、注意对自学能力的培养，要引导考生逐步学会独立学习，在自学过程中善于找出适合自己的有效的学习方法。
6、要使考生了解试题的难易与能力层次高低两者不完全相同，在各个能力层次中都存在着不同难度的试题。
7、助学课时分配建议本课程为4学分，助学学时不少于为72学时。

四、 命题考试的若干规定
1、本大纲所提到的内容和考核目标均为考试内容。
2、试卷中对不同能力层次的试题比例大致是：“识记”为30%，“领会”为40%，“综合运用”为30%。
3、试题难易度要合理，易、较易、较难、难，比例为2：3：3：2。
4、试题类型有单词释义、单词及短语填空、语法、完型填空、阅读理解、经贸术语、简短回答、句子汉译英、短文英译汉等。
5、考试形式为笔试闭卷。考试时间为150分钟。采用百分制评分，60分合格。

五、题型示例
（一）单词释义
1、monetary
A. 暂时的  B. 班长的  C. 监视的  D. 货币的
2、dividend
A. 股息   B. 区分   C. 小组   D.  成员
（二）单词及短语填空
estimate  emerge   determine  on the basis of
1、The demand for a nation’s products ____ quantity of its exports.
2、____ economic development, the income of workers and farmers will continue to be increased.
3、The EC’s ability to ____ from the longest recession in living memory hinges on the performance of Germany, Europe’s largest economy and the “locomotive” that pulls the others behind it.
4、It is ____ that some 2.6 million American jobs already depend on U.S. exports to Asia.
（三）语法
1、Quite a few foreign companies are anxious to establish direct
        business ____ with our corporation.
A. connection  B. relation 
C. relationship  D. relations
2、The committee proposed that the important posts of the company____ by competitive examinations.
A. to be filled  B. be filled 
C. are filled  D. will be filled
（四）完型填空
To _(1)_ the pace of trade liberalization, the Eminent Persons Group has _(2)_ what it calls the “50 percent rule,” whereby APEC members could _(3)_ a “menu” of different options for accelerating commitments made _(4)_ the Uruguay Round of world trade talks. Under this system, industrialized nations could choose to halve the period for phasing in tariff cuts, or for _(5)_ reductions in farm subsidies, from six years to three years.
1、   A. speed   B. fast  C. haste  D. hasten
2、   A. come with   B. come up with   C .come about  D. come with
3、   A. choose from  B. choose   C. chose from   D. chose
4、   A. on   B. at    C. under      D. from
5、   A. quick    B. quickening     C. quicking    D. quicken
（五）阅读理解
Resources can be said to be scarce in both an absolute and in a relative sense; the surface of the Earth is limited, imposing absolute scarcity; but the scarcity that concerns economists is the relative scarcity of resources in different uses. Materials used for one purpose cannot at the same time be used for other purposes; if the quantity of an input is limited, the increased use of it in one manufacturing process must cause it to become less available for other uses.
The cost of a product in terms of money may not measure its true cost to society. The true cost of, say, the construction of a supersonic jet is the value of the schools and refrigerators that will never be built as a result. Every act of production uses up some of society’s available resources; it means giving up of an opportunity to produce something else. In deciding how to use resources most effectively to satisfy the wants of the community, this opportunity cost must ultimately be taken into account.
In a market economy the price of a good and the quantity supplied depends on the cost of making it, and that cost, ultimately, is the cost of not making other goods. The market mechanism enforces this relationship. The cost of, say, a pair of shoes is the price of the leather, the labor, the fuel, and other elements used up in producing them. But the price of these inputs, in turn, depends on what they can produce elsewhere. If the leather can be used to produce handbags that are valued highly by consumers, the price of leather will be bid up correspondingly.

1、What does this passage mainly discuss?
A. The scarcity of manufactured goods.
B. The value of scarce materials.
C. The manufacturing of scarce goods.
D. The cost of producing shoes.
2、According to the passage, what are the opportunity costs of anitem? 
A. The amount of time and money spent in producing it.
B. The opportunities a person has to buy it.
C. The value of what could have been produced instead.
D. The value of the resources used in its production.
3、What determines the price of a good in a market economy?
A. The cost of all elements of production.
B. The cost of making other goods.
C. The efficiency of the manufacturing process.
D. The quantity of materials supplied.
4、Which of the following examples best reflects a cost to society as defined in the passage?
A. A family buying a dog.
B. Eating in a restaurant instead of at home.
C. Using land for a house instead of a park.
D. Staying at home instead of going to school.
5、With which of the following statements would the author of the passage be most likely to agree?
A. The price of a good reflects its usefulness to society.
B. Opportunity costs are reflected in the price of a good.
C. Opportunity costs increase with availability.
D. The cost of a good depends on its quality.
（六）经贸术语互译
1、多边贸易谈判
2、贸易壁垒
（七）经贸常识简短回答
1、When did WTO enter into force?
2、What are the five basic forms of trade barriers?
（八）汉译英
1、较高的工资会影响生产成本，而生产成本又会影响售价。(affect)
2、在社会主义经济中，市场的调节作用应得到正确发挥。           (play a role in)
（九）英译汉
The World Trade Organization (WTO), established on January 1,1995, is an open, non-discriminatory trading system. It is pledged to reduce tariffs and other barriers and to eliminate discriminatory treatment in international trade. But in order to further facilitate the free development of cross-border trade, the WTO has added three new dimensions to its responsibilities. First, the WTO, unlike the GATT, has had a legal framework to function in, as it was created by an international conference with an accord legitimately ratified by all the contracting parties concerned. Second, since the WTO is in a position to exert powerful leverage on the trading policies of its member states, it has mightier teeth to enforce the rules and regulations of this governing global body. Third, in addition to the traditional goods trade under the GATT, the WTO also polices the technology trade and the service trade, which account for a large segment of business interflow of today.